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Cardiovascular Pharmacology Concepts

Richard E. Klabunde, PhD

Clinical Disorders:

Therapeutic Classes:

Mechanism Classes:


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Cardiovascular Physiology Concepts 3e textbook cover

Click here for information on Cardiovascular Physiology Concepts, 3rd edition, a textbook published by Wolters Kluwer (2021)

 

Cardiovascular Physiology Concepts textbook cover

Click here for information on Normal and Abnormal Blood Pressure, a textbook published by Richard E. Klabunde (2013)

 



Tutorial - Pharmacologic Treatment of Arterial Hypertension

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Pathophysiology of Arterial (Systemic) Hypertension

  1. What is hypertension?  click here
  2. What is the difference between essential and secondary hypertension?  click here
  3. What are several causes of secondary hypertension?  click here
  4. How do changes in cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance influence mean arterial pressure?  click here
  5. How do changes in blood volume affect arterial pressure?  click here
  6. What are systolic and diastolic aortic pressures?  click here
  7. What factors determine central venous pressure?  click here
  8. How do autonomic nerves regulate arterial pressure?  click here
  9. How do arterial baroreceptors regulate arterial pressure?   click here
  10. What roles do the following humoral factors play in regulating arterial pressure?
  11. How does each of the following cause hypertension?  click here
    • renal artery stenosis
    • chronic renal disease
    • primary hyperaldosteronism
    • stress
    • sleep apnea
    • hyper- or hypothyroidism
    • pheochromocytoma
    • preeclampsia
    • aortic coarctation

Antihypertensive Drugs

  1. How do drugs that dilate blood vessels, reduce blood volume, or reduce cardiac output lead to a decrease in arterial pressure?  click here
  2. How do diuretics decrease blood volume?  click here
  3. What are the differences between thiazide, loop, and potassium-sparing diuretics in terms of their site of action in the kidney and their overall efficacy in lowering blood pressure?  click here
  4. By what mechanisms do each of the following mechanistic classes of drugs lower arterial pressure? What specific drugs (generic names) are FDA-approved in each of these classes? Which of the following can cause orthostatic hypotension and reflex tachycardia?

 

Revised 10/26/2022

DISCLAIMER: These materials are for educational purposes only, and are not a source of medical decision-making advice.